Curriculum is the crux of the whole educational process. The term ‘curriculum’ is derived from the Latin word ‘currere’ which means ‘path’. In this sense curriculum is the path through which the student has to go forward in order to reach the goal envisaged by education. According to Arthur Cunningham “curriculum is a tool in the hands of an artist(teacher) to mould his material(pupils) according to his ideals(objectives) in his studio(school)”.
Corresponding to the differences in the nature of various educational systems there have been variations in the concept and nature of their curricula too. Some of them are:
1. Traditional subject-centered curriculum: such a curriculum is organized with the greatest emphasis on knowledge including facts, concepts, principles, processes and skills in the subject concerned. All stress was on the cognitive attainment of the learners rather than on their personal and social development.
2. Activity centered curriculum: in activity centered curriculum, subject matter is translated in terms of activities and knowledge is gained as an outgrowth and product of those activities. activity is used as the medium for imparting knowledge, attitude as well as skills.
3. Child-centered curriculum: subjects should be chosen and taught keeping in view of the social, emotional and intellectual needs of children as well as their capabilities and developmental status.
4. Experience-centered curriculum: under this pattern, experience of the individual is the starting point of learning and not the subject matter or the interest of the individual.
5. Undifferentiated curriculum: development of all-round personality is possible only through integrated experiences and the only means of bringing about this integration is the unification of subjects. Here lies the importance of undifferentiated curriculum.
thankz jini for the information
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